RESUMO A madeira lamelada colada (MLC) possui inúmeras vantagens, podendo ser utilizada em diversos projetos com diferentes dimensões. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar as propriedades físicas e mecânicas da madeira do híbrido de E. grandis × E. urophylla visando a produção de elementos de MLC colados com os adesivos resorcinol-formaldeído (RF) e poliuretano de mamona (PUR) separadas em duas classes de densidade. A partir dos ensaios determinou-se a massa específica aparente, o teor de umidade, a retração, o inchamento, a resistência ao cisalhamento da madeira, a resistência ao cisalhamento na linha de cola, a resistência à compressão normal às fibras, o módulo de elasticidade. A partir dos resultados observou-se que a madeira do híbrido de E. grandis × E. urophylla apresentou resultados satisfatórios para ser utilizada na fabricação de elementos de MLC, sobretudo naquelas em que foram utilizadas tábuas de maior densidade aparente (≥ 0,587 g.cm-3) e colados com o adesivo resorcinol-formaldeído (RF).

ABSTRACT Glued laminated timber (glulam) has many advantages and can be used in various projects with different dimensions. The objective of this research was to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of the timber from the hybrid E. grandis × E. urophylla, aiming at the production of glulam elements glued with the resorcinol-formaldehyde and castor polyurethane, separated in two density classes. From the tests, it was determined the apparent specific mass, the moisture content, the shrinkage, the swelling, the shear strength of the wood, the shear strength in the glue line, the resistance to normal compression to the fibers, and the modulus of elasticity. From the results it was observed that the wood of the hybrid of E. grandis × E. urophylla presented satisfactory results to be used in the manufacture of glulam elements, especially in those in which boards of greater apparent density were used (≥ 0.587 g.cm-3) and bonded with the resorcinol-formaldehyde adhesive.

Resumo A fertilização na produção de mudas florestais é variável de acordo com o substrato, recipiente e o tipo de fertilizante utilizados. O fertilizante de liberação controlada (FLC) pode ser utilizado visando diminuir ou mesmo eliminar a necessidade de fertilização de cobertura. A dose de FLC aplicada pode variar de acordo com o volume do recipiente, considerando a quantidade de substrato disponível para as mudas em diferentes recipientes. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o crescimento de mudas de Schizolobium parahyba produzidas com tubetes de 110 e 280 cm3 em doses crescentes de FLC (15-09-12) (0, 3, 6 e 12 kg m-3), bem como seu crescimento inicial e sobrevivência após plantio na região norte do estado do Rio de Janeiro. O estudo foi conduzido em arranjo fatorial 2 x 4 (recipientes x doses de FLC) com 5 repetições para cada tratamento. Como substrato foi utilizado lodo de esgoto de áreas urbanas, submetido a secagem em leitos ao ar livre. O crescimento das mudas no viveiro foi avaliado aos 93 dias após a repicagem e a sobrevivência e crescimento inicial em campo aos 5 e 12 meses após o plantio. As mudas de Schizolobium parahyba apresentaram maior crescimento em tubetes de 280 cm3 e responderam positivamente à aplicação de FLC, sendo que a dose de máxima eficiência técnica foi de 8,3 kg cm3 para esse tubete. Aos 12 meses após o plantio, mudas de todos os tratamentos apresentaram sobrevivência menor que 80%, ficando abaixo do recomendado para plantios de restauração florestal. A mortalidade das mudas ocorreu devido a cinco meses de déficit hídrico em solo argilo-arenoso. Considerando apenas os dados de viveiro, a combinação de tubete de 280 cm3, com a dose de FLC de 8,3 kg m-3 são recomendados para produção de mudas de Schizolobium parahyba.

Abstract Fertilization in the production of forest seedlings can vary according to the substrate, container and fertilizer used in the nursery. Controlled release fertilizers (CRF) can be applied to reduce or even to eliminate the need for top-dress fertilization. The CRF doses can vary according to the container volume, considering the different amount of substrate available for seedlings in different containers. This study aimed to evaluate the growth of Schizolobium parahyba seedlings produced in plastic tubes of 110 and 280 cm3, with different doses of CRF (15-09-12) (0, 3, 6 e 12 kg m-3), as well as the seedlings survival and the initial growth after post-planting in the northern region of Rio de Janeiro state. The study was conducted using a factorial design 2 x 4 (tube volumes x CRF doses), with five repetitions for each treatment. As substrate it was used sewage sludge from urban areas, which was dried in open air beds. The growth of seedlings at nursery was evaluated at 93 days after the transplant, and the survival and initial growth at five and twelve months after planting. The Schizolobium parahyba seedlings showed higher growth in 280 cm3 tubes and responded positively to the CRF application, where the most efficient dose was 8.3 kg cm3 for this plastic tube. Twelve months after planting, seedlings from all treatments showed survival below 80%, being under the standard recommended for forest restoration. The mortality of seedlings occurred in consequence of five months of water deficit in a sandy clay loam soil. Considering only nursery data, the combination of 280 cm3 plastic tubes, with the CRF dose of 8.3 kg cm3 are recommended to produce Schizolobium parahyba seedlings.

Abstract: The increase of N fertilization in sugarcane can negatively influence the technological quality of the crop for sugar and alcohol production. The use of Mo in fertilization combined with N can reduce this effect and increase agricultural and sugar yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate the levels of Mo in soil, roots and leaves of sugarcane fertilized with N and Mo, to measure agricultural and sugar productivity and to evaluate quality of the technological attributes for production of sugar and alcohol. Two varieties were cultivated (RB867515 and RB92579) under field conditions, submitted to two doses of N (0 and 60 kg ha-1) and two doses of Mo (0 and 200 g ha-1) both applied to the soil. The source of N used was urea and the source of Mo was sodium molybdate. RB867515 was influenced by Mo and agricultural and sugar productivity increased by 21%. N fertilization did not increase agricultural productivity but reduced the technological quality of sugarcane, and Mo did not change this reduction. It is suggested that N fertilization should be reduced in first crop cycle and Mo fertilization should be stimulated.

BACKGROUND:Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection is an endemic disease and it is estimated that 6095% of the adult population are infected with symptoms that are usually self-limiting, though they can be serious, extensive and prolonged in immunocompromised individuals, highlighted by the emergence of drug-resistant strains. The study of the wild-type HSV strains based on the cytopathogenic features and its antiviral sensitivity are important in the establishment of an antivirogram for controlling the infection.OBJECTIVE:This study sought to isolate and examine the cytopathological characteristics of circulating strains of the Herpes simplex virus, from clinical specimens and their sensitivity to commercially available antiherpesvirus drugs, acyclovir, phosphonophormic acid and trifluridine.METHODS:Herpes simplex virus isolation, cytopathological features and antiviral sensitivity assays were performed in cell culture by tissue culture infectious dose or plaque forming unit assay.RESULTS:From twenty-two clinical specimens, we isolated and adapted nine strains. Overall, the cytopathic effect was detected 24 h post-infection (p.i.) and the presence of syncytia was remarkable 48 h p.i., observed after cell staining. Out of eight isolates, four developed plaques of varying sizes. All the isolates were sensitive to acyclovir, phosphonophormic and trifluridine, with the percentage of virus inhibition (%VI) ranging from 49.7-100%.CONCLUSIONS:The methodology for HSV isolation and characterization is a straightforward approach, but the drug sensitivity test, regarded as being of great practical importance, needs to be better understood.